Epidemiology as a Bridge

Epidemiology can be the stronger bridge to support and join biology and preventive action, from genes and their markers, through risk factors and exposures, to methods for descriptive and analytical studies in populations (including ecologic studies among populations), to long-term prospective studies of individual risk among cohorts, to case-control comparisons, to randomized clinical trials and preventive trials among the high risk, to community interventions, and eventually to public health outcomes, surveillance, health policy and prevention programs.